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Molecular symmetry in physics and chemistry describes the symmetry present in molecules and the classification of molecules according to their symmetry. Molecular symmetry is a fundamental concept in the application of Quantum Mechanics in physics and chemistry, for example it can be used to predict or explain many of a molecule's properties, such as its Among all the molecular symmetries, diatomic molecules show some distinct features and they are relatively easier to analyze. == Symmetry and group theory == The physical laws governing a system is generally written as a relation (equations, differential equations, integral equations etc.). An operation on the ingredients of this relation, which keeps the form of the relations invariant is called a symmetry transformation or a symmetry of the system. * These symmetry operations can involve external or internal co-ordinates; giving rise to geometrical or internal symmetries. * These symmetry operations can be global or local; giving rise to global or gauge symmetries. * These symmetry operations can be discrete or continuous. Symmetry is a fundamentally important concept in quantum mechanics. It can predict conserved quantities and provide quantum numbers. It can predict degeneracies of eigenstates and gives insights about the matrix elements of the Hamiltonian without calculating them. Rather than looking into individual symmetries, it is sometimes more convenient to look into the general relations between the symmetries. It turns out that Group theory is the most efficient way of doing this. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Symmetry of diatomic molecules」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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